FLOODING IN JAKARTA ( again )
The Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) revealed that climate change is happening that increases the risk and opportunities of extreme rainfall so that it triggers Jakarta floods. BMKG Deputy Climatologist Herizal said, the floods in the early 2020s that occurred in Jakarta and surrounding areas due to extreme rainfall (more than 150 mm per day) which dropped quite evenly in the DKI Jakarta area. This incident is the same as the big floods that occurred in DKI Jakarta in 2007 and 2015. "Reviewing the BMKG daily historical rainfall data for 150 years (1866 - 2015), there is a trend of conformity between the increasingly frequent occurrence of significant floods in Jakarta and the increase in the intensity of annual extreme rainfall as happened yesterday on January 1, 2020 (1/3/2020). the last 43 years data shows, in the Greater Jakarta area the highest daily rainfall per year indicates a trend of increasing intensity of 10-20 mm per 10 years.
Statistical analysis of the 150-year series of data from the Jakarta Observatory BMKG Station for changes in risk and the chance of extreme rainfall causing a recurring flood event. This is like what happened in the 2014, 2015, and including 2020 return periods when taken into account, showing an increase of 2-3 percent, compared to climate conditions 100 years ago. "This indicates that heavy rains that used to be rare, are now more likely to be present in current climatic conditions, extreme rainfall beginning in 2020 is one of the most extreme rain events as long as there is measurement and recording of rainfall in Jakarta and its surroundings." January 1, 2020, the morning showed the unusually high rainfall was influenced by the strengthening of Asian monsoon flow and the indication of the regional path of convergence of air masses / intertropical monsoon wind gathering (ITCZ) just above the northern part of Java, "Herizal said. ITCZ triggered growth clouds are very fast, thick, and massive due to evaporation from the seas around Java which has warmed up and supplied an abundance of water vapor mass to the atmosphere above, but another opinion was said by the PUPR minister causing floods in a number of areas of Jakarta that occurred on Tuesday, February 23, 2020 morning, according to him, the flood occurred because of the smaller drainage compared high rainfall intensity . The small drainage capacity was allegedly not able to accommodate the volume of water that overflowed.
What are the impacts that arise and are felt when floods hit? at least 12 kelurahans in North Jakarta were affected by the flood and caused 2,188 people to be displaced scattered in 26 refugee points. East Jakarta experienced the most severe incident, as many as 25 affected villages and 758 people had to be displaced. Furthermore, Central Jakarta with 12 affected villages and 68 refugees. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) in this region was also flooded, especially in the Radiology section, which caused a number of medical equipment to be damaged.
Not only that, business activities are hampered, many economic activities are forced to stop during floods. For example, Former Deputy Governor of DKI Jakarta Sandiaga Uno claims 90% of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are affected by the flood disaster. "About 90% of the MSME business world will definitely be affected. But this impact will depend on how long this extreme weather lasts," said Sandiaga at the Office of the Coordinating Ministry for Maritime and Investment, Jakarta, Tuesday (25/2). At the macroeconomic level, flooding can disrupt the distribution of goods and cause delays in planting food commodities, causing price increases. For example, in January, floods caused the price of rice, chili peppers and shallots to increase and led to an increase in inflation of 0.39% on a monthly basis and 2.69% on an annual basis. Katadata.co.id had noted the price of 95 thousand per kilogram of chili touch on February 3, 2020. Besides in the economic field, flood losses also targeted facilities and infrastructure. Last Tuesday two telecommunications companies, Telkomsel and XL Axiata, had to rely on backup energy supplies to sustain the operation of the Base Transceiver Station (BTS) tower. The reason is there were power outages in a number of areas in Jakarta, Bogor, Tangerang and Bekasi (Jabotabek) which were affected by flooding. In the transportation facilities sector, as reported by CNNIndonesia.com, rain paralyzed five TransJakarta corridors. As many as two of them were flooded and resulted in many diversions. Health Finally, flooding also brings many potential diseases, flooding is the moment where insects that spread disease can reproduce. With these conditions, cases of diseases such as malaria and dengue hemorrhagic fever will be very many, up to the endemic point. "While extreme environmental conditions affect the human body's power, it is easy to get sick. In a number of cases, sick people were unable to survive in the midst of a flood and resulted in fatalities.
If calculated from the beginning of the year up to now there have been 4 floods coming to Jakarta, although natural factors at least the government must be more alert in overcoming them, perhaps it can start from paying attention to the existing drainage and other supporting factors. Because when a flood comes there are many adverse impacts on the community and it is unfortunate even until the casualties.
